Certified Ophthalmic Technician (COT) Practice Test 2026 - Free COT Practice Questions and Study Guide

Fuchs' dystrophy is primarily characterized by abnormalities in Descemet's membrane, which is the thin, acellular layer between the corneal stroma and the endothelium. In this condition, there is a progressive degeneration of the endothelial cells, leading to a thickening and abnormal deposition in Descemet's membrane. This thickening is manifest as guttae, small bumps on the membrane that can disrupt normal functioning and ultimately affect the clarity of the cornea.

Understanding the nature of Fuchs' dystrophy helps clarify why abnormalities of Descemet's membrane are central to the condition, while the other options focus on different aspects that are not uniquely characteristic of this dystrophy. For instance, corneal opacities can occur due to various conditions affecting corneal clarity and are not specific to Fuchs' dystrophy. Increased intraocular pressure is typically associated with glaucoma and not a primary feature of Fuchs' dystrophy. Similarly, peripheral corneal thinning is seen in other corneal diseases, such as keratoconus, rather than being a defining characteristic of Fuchs' dystrophy.